While it is true that better sanitation and hygiene
also reduce rates of infection it is relatively easy to isolate the effects of
both. One example is measles, when the measles vaccine was introduced in 1963
there was a steady infection rate in the United States of about 400,000 case a
year. While sanitation and hygiene did not appreciably change in the next
decade in the U.S., the infection rate plummeted to less than 25,000 cases in
1970. There is also the rate of HiB infections which had an incidence rate of 20,000 in 1990, and then after the introduction of the vaccine in 1993 the incidence rate was 1,500 (3). which when the Another example is polio where the rate of infection went from about
35,000 cases a year in the decade after World War II in the United States to
zero by 1979 with the introduction of the vaccine in 1953 (1).
1Polio Elimination in the
United States (25 October 2019), retrieved 2 May 2020, https://www.cdc.gov/polio/what-is-polio/polio-us.html
2Studio, E. (n.d.). 'Cleaning Elements' by Eucalyp Studio. Retrieved May
4, 2020, from
https://www.iconfinder.com/icons/3460330/clean_hand_sanitation_wash_icon
3Vaccines Myths Debunked
(2020), retrieved 2 May 2020, https://www.publichealth.org/public-awareness/understanding-vaccines/vaccine-myths-debunked/